
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and respiratory rate. Disorders of the…

Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, is a condition characterized by abnormally low blood pressure levels. While high blood pressure often receives more attention,…

Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid, is a common thyroid disorder characterized by inadequate production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and…

H2-receptor antagonists, also known as H2 blockers, are a class of medications commonly used to reduce stomach acid production. These antagonists are valuable medications for…

Regurgitation refers to the involuntary backflow of stomach contents into the throat or mouth, often accompanied by a sour taste or sensation, but what are…

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections that affect the urinary system, comprising the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. UTIs are common bacterial infections…

Kidney damage, also known as renal damage or kidney injury, refers to the impairment of the kidneys’ ability to function properly. Understanding everything about the…

Esophageal erosion and ulcers are serious conditions that can lead to discomfort, pain, and complications if left untreated. These are serious conditions that require prompt…

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by irregular heartbeats, which may manifest as heartbeats that are too fast, too slow, or erratic in rhythm. It is…